2. Put your proposals and arguments in the context of an interconnected world.
3. Explain why your proposals are smart/effective/pragmatic/realistic in the context of today's world. Reference big ideas about sound decision making, leadership, or management.
4. Explain why your proposals are the right thing to do. Evoke big ideas familiar to Americans about decent behavior.
7. When appropriate, cite examples of other countries (and NGOs) that are working alongside the U.S., to counter the mistaken but widespread public assumption that "we are doing it all."
8. Cite examples of what works and offer success stories.
9. Empower listeners by telling them what they can do to help. Talk about yardsticks citizens can use to evaluate policy actions and progress over time. (See "Engaging Citizens.")
13. Avoid jargon and acronyms. (See "Wonk-Speak Translator.")
17. Use a reasonable, rational tone. Don't attack personally or attack motives. Avoid partisan attacks. Question others' assumptions, not their integrity.
18. Show both the benefits of approaches you propose and the costs of alternatives.
Don't equate foreign policy -- explicitly or implicitly -- with the struggle against terrorism or with national security policy. Evoke a bigger picture in listeners' heads, one that could include the broader range of issues on America's foreign policy agenda.

- If calling for more investments in nonmilitary tools, don't open with statements about what the military can't do. Instead, acknowledge the importance of the military and explain why other tools are also important to keeping America strong and effective in today's world.
- Talking about "root causes" can inadvertently trigger thinking that problems are big and hopeless or that you are not sufficiently attentive to pressing symptoms. However, talking about prevention may help you to effectively argue for farsighted, comprehensive approaches.
- Avoid statements about a "potential/inevitable eventual decline" of American power, which fail to appeal to Americans' optimism and invite criticism. Framing related arguments with the concept of overreaching militarily may get a better hearing.
- Avoid words like "empire" and "imperialism" that will turn off large portions of your audience, because most Americans definitely do not see U.S. actions in that light.
- Avoid language that could encourage listeners to think only about narrow self-interests or that could encourage an "us versus them" mindset.
Farsighted We're at our best as a nation when we see the world as it is and respond with farsighted leadership to prepare for tomorrow's challenges today. Farsighted policies connect the dots, recognizing how one issue is linked to others we care about -- for example, how fighting terrorism is linked to money laundering, collapsed governments, and regional conflicts.
- A smart foreign policy will be ready to use force when it's the right thing to do but will
build up every tool we have -- diplomacy, trade and economic support, cultural ties -- so that we aren't asking our military to do it all.
- A pragmatic foreign policy will use prevention to identify and deal with problems
before they become so serious that they threaten our safety or way of life:
- As the Cold War was ending, Presidents George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton,
along with Congress, began using U.S. resources to secure or remove nuclear
materials from the former Soviet Union. Today, with terrorists on the hunt for
nuclear weapons, every dollar spent to make those weapons safe looks like a
terrific investment.
- President Reagan joined other governments in recognizing the need to do
something about the ozone hole that was destroying the atmosphere and
threatening the world's health. Now, thanks to the treaty he signed with 182
other governments, chemicals that harm the ozone layer have been largely
phased out, and scientists believe that our atmosphere is making a slow recovery.
- Farsighted leadership also means wisely managing our resources here at home, so that
we can afford to maintain our military and civilian engagement in the world.
American Way The U.S. will do best in the international arena when we unite
with others around shared values, and when we honor the same
values we cherish and try to promote at home -- justice, opportunity,
and fairness for all; respect for people's rights and tolerance for the diversity of others;
creating strong communities that give everyone a voice. Our goals abroad are not fundamentally different from what we strive for at home -- a world in which common sense and common decency prevail.
- Our foreign policy should strive to match our aspirations for ourselves -- what our
country's Founders described as "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." In a world
where borders are breaking down, we can only secure those blessings for ourselves by
helping extend them to others.
- Throughout our history, when we've put forward a vision in which those values were
paramount -- whether helping to found the UN, NATO, and other international
organizations, helping to lead the global fight against smallpox and other diseases, or
proposing rules to limit the threat from dangerous weapons, teams have sprung into
existence to work with us, and the results have worked for us and others alike.
Interconnected World We're inevitably going to need others to achieve many of our
goals. We're at our best in the world when our actions demonstrate
that we understand this. - From Korea in the 1950s to Iraq in 2003, from our successful fight against smallpox to
today's struggle with HIV/AIDS, and from the creation of economic institutions that
helped us grow strong in the 20th century to the uncertainty about how to promote
growth for us and others in the 21st, U.S. leaders from both parties have always
understood that we need to work with others. It's just common sense.
- A smart foreign policy will expand our options by building ties of respect with other
nations, so that we can count on them -- and they know they can count on us.
- We will always do better when we are, as President Bush has said, a humble nation, not
an arrogant-seeming one. We're not perfect; in fact, our values are more inspiring when
we're honest about our own struggles and shortcomings.
Teamwork We're at our best when we build structures and habits of cooperation
with others and do not try to do it all ourselves. A smart U.S. foreign policy
will enable us to work with others to build durable strategies and structures for cooperation --
treaties and agreements to resolve difficult issues, institutions that bring us together to work
out disagreements -- so we will have reliable partners to help us respond to global threats.
- Efforts to help societies rebuild after a conflict have been most successful (e.g., in East
Timor and Kosovo) when the U.S., the UN, and other partners have split up the
assistance according to what each does best.
- Effective teamwork can overcome challenges: Several times in the past few decades,
countries have threatened to start building or selling nuclear materials in large
quantities. But still, only 8 countries have nuclear weapons, and none has used such a
weapon since 1945 -- because the U.S. and its partners have used innovation and
teamwork every time to find new ways to discourage making and buying the weapons.
- Effective teamwork evolves over time. The European Union, which today sets
economic, health, labor, and foreign policy for a bloc of countries whose size rivals that
of the U.S., started out as a coal-and-steel-based trade organization among 6 war-torn
European nations after World War II.
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